Anatomy & physiology · Higher
Energy Systems in Sport
Different sports rely on different energy systems depending on intensity and duration.
Aerobic system
Uses oxygen to break down glucose/fats for longer, lower–moderate intensity work (e.g. distance running).
Anaerobic systems
Work without enough oxygen for short, high intensity efforts.
Lactic acid system produces fatigue sensations; recovery needs rest and oxygen.
Worked example
Which system dominates a 100 m sprint?
Solution: Anaerobic (ATP-PC / lactic) – short maximal effort.
Practice questions
1. Aerobic exercise uses what?
2. Why do sprinters not rely mainly on the aerobic system?