Finance · Both

Cash Flow & Sources of Finance

Profit is not the same as cash. Businesses can fail from poor cash flow even if profitable on paper.

Cash flow

Inflows: sales receipts, loans, investment. Outflows: suppliers, wages, rent, loan repayments. Forecast helps spot shortfalls early; solutions include overdraft, delay payables, speed receivables.

Sources of finance

Internal: retained profit, selling assets, owner capital. External: bank loan, overdraft, share capital, trade credit, grants. Match source to purpose and risk.

Worked example

Why might a profitable firm run out of cash?

Solution: Customers pay late while the firm must pay suppliers and wages now.

Practice questions

1. Profit vs cash?

2. Name two external sources of finance.