Progression Step 4 · Ages 11–14

Science

Cells, Particles & Energy Basics

Cell structures, particle model and energy stores/transfers intro.

These ideas underpin biology, chemistry and physics through GCSE.

Cells

Animal vs plant organelles; specialised cells linked to function.

Particles

Solid/liquid/gas arrangement and movement; changes of state.

Energy

Stores (kinetic, thermal, chemical…) and transfers; conservation idea.

Why do plant cells have chloroplasts?

For photosynthesis – capturing light energy.

Practice

  1. 1. Name two organelles only in plant cells.

  2. 2. In which state are particles furthest apart?