Environment & resources · Both

Climate Change – Causes & Responses

Climate change is a core environmental theme. Separate natural greenhouse effect from human enhancement, and mitigation from adaptation.

Causes

• Greenhouse gases (CO₂, methane…) trap heat • Human sources: fossil fuels, deforestation, agriculture, industry • Evidence: temperature records, ice melt, sea-level rise, extreme weather trends

Responses

**Mitigation** – reduce emissions (renewables, efficiency, afforestation, agreements) **Adaptation** – live with effects (flood defences, drought-resistant crops, planning) Local, national and global scales all matter.

Practice questions

1. Mitigation vs adaptation?

2. Name two human sources of greenhouse gases.