Networks & security · Both
Cyber Security Threats & Prevention
Security is about protecting data and systems from unauthorised access and damage. Technical and human factors both matter.
Threats
• **Malware** – viruses, worms, trojans, ransomware
• **Phishing** – fake messages to steal details
• **Social engineering** – tricking people
• Brute force, shouldering, insecure networks
Prevention
• Strong authentication and passwords / MFA
• Anti-malware and updates/patches
• Firewalls and secure configuration
• Encryption of sensitive data
• User education and acceptable use policies
Worked example
Why is user education part of security?
Solution: Many attacks rely on people clicking links or sharing details – technical controls alone are not enough.
Practice questions
1. Name three types of malware.
2. Give two prevention methods.